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T3 · Document Translation
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T3 · TranslateX · Research white paper
Research white paper

Multilingual
document translation.

T3 powers document intelligence within TranslateX: language, structure and a workflow for professional review.

TranslateX: two documents connected by a flowing purple ribbon
TranslateAcross languages
PreserveDocument structure
ReviewIn enterprise context

Product capabilities, system design and an Arabic–English document evaluation.

Lisan research · T301
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T3 · Document translation
01 / Abstract

Translate the language.
Preserve the document.

Translation quality and document structure assessed together, across Arabic and English workflows.

93.34 / 100
Mean automated
translation-quality score
97.93 / 100
Mean document
structural-fidelity score
AR ↔ EN
Evaluated translation
directions

Translation that keeps the document useful

T3 combines language generation with document processing inside TranslateX. It translates content together with the structure that gives it meaning: headings, paragraphs, tables, typography and reading direction.

The platform extends that engine with multilingual text and document workspaces, approved terminology, translation memory, professional review and API integration. Native and scanned documents follow appropriate preparation and reconstruction paths.

Product scope

A multilingual portfolio, document and structured-text formats, reviewer tools and customer-controlled deployment options.

Measured scope

Arabic-to-English and English-to-Arabic document evaluation across DOCX, PPTX and PDF, with DOCX predominating.

Reading the paper

Languages and document formats03–04
Engine, review and enterprise architecture05–07
Results and evaluation methodology08–10
One case per format, with comparison outputs11–18
Two dimensions of quality. The headline figures are automated scores out of 100 for translation quality and structural fidelity. They are not accuracy percentages or a cross-vendor ranking. The visual cases are separate from the scored evaluation.
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01 / Languages

Multilingual by design.
Direction-aware throughout.

TranslateX supports a broad language portfolio for text and document workflows.

Left to rightEnglish and other LTR scripts
↔
Right to leftArabic, Urdu and Persian

Languages in the product catalogue

ArabicRTL
English
French
German
Portuguese
Spanish
Russian
UrduRTL
Amharic
Indonesian
Bengali
Tamil
Turkish
Sinhala
PersianRTL
Tagalog
Korean
Malayalam
Nepali
Chinese
Hindi
Japanese

Text and layout together

Language selection informs translation, font handling, alignment and reading direction. Document reconstruction adapts the output where the format supports it.

Configure for the workflow

Select the language pair, model configuration and terminology for the task. Script, document type and domain all shape the review requirements.

Evaluation in this paper. The document scores apply to Arabic–English in both directions. Product language coverage is broader; it is not a claim of equal measured quality across every language or language pair.
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02 / Document intelligence

Many formats.
One document engine.

Translate the content while preserving the structure needed to work with it.

DOCX

Documents

Paragraphs, headings, lists, tables, headers and footers.

PPTX

Presentations

Text boxes, diagrams, shapes and the relationships between them.

XLSX

Spreadsheets

Text within the grid, with numeric values and identifiers kept in context.

PDF

Reports and scanned files

Extract or recognise content, recover layout and reconstruct an editable output where supported.

Structured text and integrationTXTCSVJSON

Preserve more than the words

Content

Meaning, names and domain expressions

Structure

Tables, lists, hyperlinks and charts

Presentation

Fonts, images, alignment and RTL/LTR layout

Native content

Read document objects and styles directly.

or
Scanned content

OCR recognises text; OLR reconstructs the page layout.

Available inputs and editable exports depend on the configured workflow. DOCX, PPTX and PDF appear in the scored evaluation; XLSX has a separate visual case. Other listed formats and OCR/OLR capabilities are platform scope, not additional benchmark results.

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03 / T3 document engine

From file analysis
to translated output.

Six stages connect language generation to the structure of the document.

01

Analyze file structure

Detect the file type and identify its structure.

02

Extract text and styles

Extract text and style information from body paragraphs, tables and all supported text blocks.

03

Translate text

Translate the extracted text using the selected translation model.

04

Apply font styles

Adjust font names and sizes when necessary, based on the target language and the text blocks.

05

Apply text direction

Apply right-to-left or left-to-right direction and mirror shape positions when necessary, based on the target language.

06

Export the translated file

Export the final document in a supported output format.

Direction-aware document processing
Left-to-right contentRight-to-left content

Conceptual illustration. Font adjustments and shape-position mirroring are applied when required; they are not universal transformations for every block.

Language and layout

Arabic typography and the transition between right-to-left and left-to-right scripts are central to the workflow. Text is processed together with style information so the output can retain its document function.

Model and output scope

The workflow supports several model families. Model selection and supported export formats define the operating configuration; the benchmark assesses the saved outputs.

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04 / Translation governance

Translate. Review.
Reuse what is approved.

A professional translation workflow brings language assets and human decisions into one place.

01Prepare

Files, languages and layout options

02Translate

Configured engine and terminology

03Review

Source and target together

04Approve

A recorded reviewer decision

05Reuse

Confirmed language assets

Shared vocabulary

Glossaries

Upload, create and edit preferred terminology. Keep names, abbreviations and domain expressions consistent with the organisation’s language policy.

Reviewed knowledge

Translation memory

Reuse approved segments and project language preferences across recurring documents. Human-reviewed translations become reusable language assets.

Professional judgement

CAT review

Compare source and target segments in a computer-assisted translation editor, revise the text and confirm the reviewed version.

Working context

Projects and versions

Organise documents, languages and processing status. Track the translated document’s history and preserve the link to the source.

Example: a legal document

Prepare the source → apply approved terminology → review the meaning and document layout → approve the version → return the reviewed output to its authorised workflow.

This is a workflow illustration, not a customer deployment claim. Roles, release controls and domain language assets are configured for each enterprise. The document benchmark measures output quality and structure separately from reviewer productivity.

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05 / Enterprise architecture

Your documents.
Your enterprise context.

A reference deployment architecture for controlled translation and professional review.

People and authorised systemsWorkspace · desktop tools · APIs
↓
Customer-controlled environmentOn-premises or an approved private cloud configuration
Application and integration layerIdentity · permissions · jobs · review · versions
Document intelligence

T3 translation, OCR and layout reconstruction

Language assets

Approved terminology, memory and model configuration

Review workspace

Source-linked editing, approval and output history

Protected document and configuration storesRetention · monitoring · backups · release records

Connect to existing work

Use APIs and asynchronous document-job callbacks to connect translation to document repositories, enterprise applications and review queues.

Keep administration explicit

Define identity integration, permission scopes, model endpoints, retention and residency for the selected environment. Verify these controls during deployment acceptance.

Architecture scope. This is an enterprise reference design. The hosting boundary and integrations are deployment-specific; the document-quality benchmark does not certify security, residency or operational controls.
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06 / Measured results

Document-level results.
Both language directions.

All records receive equal weight. Language direction follows the recorded source and target languages.

Translation quality93.34Adequacy91.74Fluency93.36Completeness94.94Structural fidelity97.930100Score out of 100 · Higher is better

Adequacy

How well the meaning is preserved.

Fluency

How natural the target language reads.

Completeness

How fully content is carried across.

Results by recorded direction

MeasureArabic → EnglishEnglish → ArabicAll records
Quality / 10093.3493.3493.34
Adequacy91.5091.8891.74
Fluency93.8093.1093.36
Completeness94.7395.0794.94
Structure / 10096.7098.6797.93

Mean quality rounds to 93.34/100 in both directions. The groups contain different documents; their means do not establish a statistically significant language-direction advantage. Structural fidelity uses applicable document checks and remains separate from language quality.

Figure 2. All bars use the same 0–100 scale. Overall quality averages stored file-level scores; it is not recomputed from the rounded dimension means shown here. Null structural criteria are excluded at the file level.

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07 / Evaluation protocol

A protocol readers
can inspect.

Descriptive summaries are recomputed from saved evaluation records. Translation and model judging are not rerun for this paper.

1

Corpus and language direction

The corpus contains saved document-level evaluations across the stated formats. Results are grouped by recorded source and target language. All records are marked as successfully translated.

2

Source and translated content

The evaluator compares source content with its translated output. Text extraction and scoring coverage depend on the file structure and the content available for assessment.

3

Language quality

A model judge rates adequacy, fluency and completeness from 0 to 100. DOCX and PPTX use segment-level judging; PDF uses holistic judging. The benchmark averages the stored file-level quality scores.

4

Structural checks

Where applicable, checks cover direction, alignment, font family and size, image counts, headers and footers, margins, textbox coordinates and estimated text containment. Available checks vary by format; null criteria are excluded from each file’s style score.

5

Aggregation

Stored file-level scores are averaged with equal record weight and displayed to two decimal places. The headline means use no word, page or segment weighting. Rounding already applied by the evaluator is retained.

Q̄ = Q₁ + Q₂ + … + Qₙn

Q is a stored document quality score.
n is the number of file records.

Sᵢ = mean(applicable checks)

The evaluator rounds each file style score.
The paper averages the stored Sᵢ values.

Successful-translation status describes the recorded corpus. The scores assess its output content and structure; they do not make every output error-free or establish an independent acceptance rate.

Evaluation protocol: scope, scoring and reproducibility ↗

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08 / Interpreting the evidence

Language, layout
and operating scope.

The results measure language quality and document structure. Timing and deployment controls require separate assessment.

Interpreting the recorded timing

Most records reuse cached outputs and have zero stored translation time. Positive timings are recorded only for uncached runs. Zero does not mean instantaneous translation. These snapshots do not support a comparable end-to-end throughput claim.

Cached outputsStored translation time is zeroUncached runsPositive timings are recorded

Remaining output errors

Some terms are mistranslated and some source-language text remains untranslated. Alignment preservation is weaker in Arabic-to-English output. Targeted review is still required.

Corpus and scoring limits

These are internal automated scores, not independent validation or accuracy percentages. Records have equal weight even when document lengths or applicable structural checks differ.

Comparison limits

The following samples are illustrative and separate from the aggregate benchmark. Vendor labels follow supplied filenames. Individual outputs do not establish general comparative superiority.

Model and deployment boundaries

Model-family support and deployment flexibility describe the system. The benchmark does not test security, hosting boundaries, data residency or operational controls; these need evidence for the selected configuration.

Evaluate the workflow on representative documents

Inspect language meaning and document function together: terminology, remaining source text, column order, alignment, typography, tables and text containment. The checks most relevant to a use case depend on its file structures and translation direction.

The comparisons show actual supplied outputs from TranslateX, Google, Microsoft and DeepL. XLSX is illustrated separately from the DOCX, PPTX and PDF scoring scope.

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Case 01 / Word documents

Two columns.
One document workflow.

English → Arabic · Page 1 of the supplied DOCX outputs.

English originalSource document
English original: Two-column conference paper, page 1
TranslateXDOCX output
TranslateX: Two-column conference paper, page 1

Column order

Inspect how the two-column structure reads in the target language.

Typography

Compare headings, paragraph styling and Arabic text appearance.

Tables

Inspect table placement, cell alignment and retained numeric values.

Original pages and translated outputs are shown in full. Use a larger zoom to inspect text and layout; these illustrations sit outside the aggregate benchmark.

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Case 01 / Word comparison outputs

Supplied DOCX outputs.

English → Arabic · Page 1 · Visual examples, not a benchmark ranking.

GoogleDOCX output
Google: Two-column conference paper, page 1
MicrosoftDOCX output
Microsoft: Two-column conference paper, page 1
DeepLDOCX output
DeepL: Two-column conference paper, page 1

Illustrative supplied outputs; engine labels follow the filenames. These examples are separate from the aggregate benchmark and do not establish general comparative superiority. Layout, clipping and overlap are retained.

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Case 02 / Presentations

A slide, translated
as a visual document.

English → Arabic · Business strategy presentation · Slide 1.

English originalSource document
English original: Business strategy presentation, page 1
TranslateXPPTX output
TranslateX: Business strategy presentation, page 1

Inspect the relationship between text, diagram labels, shapes and alignment. Illustrative outputs are separate from the aggregate benchmark; visual samples alone do not establish semantic accuracy.

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Case 02 / Presentation comparison outputs

Supplied slide outputs.

English → Arabic · Business strategy presentation · Slide 1.

GooglePPTX output
Google: Business strategy presentation, page 1
MicrosoftPPTX output
Microsoft: Business strategy presentation, page 1
DeepLSupplied screenshot
DeepL: Business strategy presentation, page 1

Illustrative supplied outputs; engine labels follow the filenames. These examples are separate from the aggregate benchmark and do not establish general comparative superiority. Layout, clipping and overlap are retained. DeepL is represented by the supplied screenshot.

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Case 03 / Spreadsheets

Spreadsheet content
within its grid.

English → Arabic · Inventory records · Worksheet A1:R22.

English originalSource document
English original: Inventory records spreadsheet, page 1
TranslateXXLSX output
TranslateX: Inventory records spreadsheet, page 1

Column structure

Inspect headings and the ordering of the inventory fields.

Cell content

Compare translated text, identifiers and numeric data.

Readability

Inspect cell dimensions, alignment and text containment.

Illustrative only. XLSX is not included in the stated DOCX, PPTX and PDF coverage of the aggregate benchmark. This separate spreadsheet sample does not extend that measured corpus.
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Case 03 / Spreadsheet comparison outputs

Supplied spreadsheet outputs.

English → Arabic · Worksheet A1:R22 · Outside the stated benchmark formats.

GoogleXLSX output
Google: Inventory records spreadsheet, page 1
MicrosoftXLSX output
Microsoft: Inventory records spreadsheet, page 1
DeepLSupplied screenshot
DeepL: Inventory records spreadsheet, page 1

Illustrative supplied outputs; engine labels follow the filenames. These examples are separate from the aggregate benchmark and do not establish general comparative superiority. Layout, clipping and overlap are retained. DeepL is represented by the supplied screenshot.

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Case 04 / PDF reports

A report across languages.
One representative page.

English → Arabic · WFP strategic plan report.

English originalSource document
English original: WFP strategic plan report, page 1
TranslateXSupplied DOCX output
TranslateX: WFP strategic plan report, page 1

Page structure

Inspect paragraphs, headings and document furniture.

Writing direction

Compare the source layout with the Arabic output.

Content flow

Text can reflow between pages across different outputs.

Source PDF; TranslateX DOCX output. Matching page numbers may contain reflowed text. Full output pages are retained, and these illustrations are separate from the scored evaluation.

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Case 04 / PDF report comparison outputs

The same report.
Comparison outputs.

English → Arabic · Matching page numbers; text may reflow between outputs.

GooglePDF output
Google: WFP strategic plan report, page 1
MicrosoftPDF output
Microsoft: WFP strategic plan report, page 1
DeepLPDF output
DeepL: WFP strategic plan report, page 1

Illustrative supplied outputs; engine labels follow the filenames. These examples are separate from the aggregate benchmark and do not establish general comparative superiority. Layout, clipping and overlap are retained. Microsoft used Azure Document Translation. Matching page numbers may contain reflowed text.

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Evidence you can inspect

From measured results
to document review

The headline scores summarize saved automated evaluations. Each file receives equal weight, so the composition of the corpus matters when interpreting the result.

Evaluation scope by file format

DOCX

Dominant format in the quantitative evaluation.

PPTX & PDF

Less extensively represented in the same averages.

XLSX

Illustrative comparisons only; outside the scored corpus.

The format imbalance matters: coverage does not imply equivalent validation across formats. Evaluation scope and scoring methods ↗

01

Aggregates checked against saved records

Recomputing the equal-record means gives 93.34/100 for quality and 97.93/100 for structure. The Arabic-to-English and English-to-Arabic groups retain their own documents and cannot establish a causal language-direction advantage.

02

Timing and output evidence stay separate

Cached outputs have zero stored translation time; uncached runs have positive timings. No speed advantage follows from those zeros. The comparison screenshots retain the supplied outputs, including clipping, reflow and overlap.

What full reproduction still requiresThe saved records support the descriptive summaries. Recreating the evaluation needs the scoring code, judge model and prompt, file-to-output mapping and execution settings. The automated ratings do not replace blind human quality assessment.

Quality and structural fidelity are scores out of 100, not accuracy percentages or a quantitative ranking against competing translation products.

Open the evaluation records ↗
Inspect the document comparisons ↗